National biogas and manure management programme
The Government. of India launched National Project on Biogas Development i.e., National
Biogas and Manure Management Programme in the year 1981. The programme was included
in the Prime Minister's Twenty Point Programme in view of its importance to the
rural areas.
Objectives
- To provide energy in a clean, un polluting form for cooking
- To make available enriched fertilizer as a by – product for supplementing and optimizing
the use of chemical fertilizer
- To reduce pressure on dwindling fuel wood supplies and prevent indiscriminate deforestation
- To eliminate the smoke-filled cooking environment, reduce drudgery and prevent eye
and lung diseases to rural women and children
- To bring about improvement in rural sanitation.
Benefits
- Tearless cooking and clean environment in the kitchen leading to healthier life
for women and children
- Provides nutrient rich manure
- Saving of fossil fuels generating employment to rural workers
- Each Biogas plant of 1 m 3 capacity saves about 1266 kgs of firewood or 222 liters
of kerosene or 12 cylinders ( 174 kgs) of LPG per year
During 1840 year, some progressive farmers in Maharashtra have come to know that
if dung is digested in anaerobic condition, the manure value is dung will be substantially
improved apart from getting combustible gas for cooking and lighting. Scientists
and technologists started work to designing a cheep and durable equipment/system
for generation of Biogas and Appliances. KVIC has come out with a design for generation
of Biogas with aerobic digestion. If contains two major segments viz., digester,
a gas holder with guide frame and gas distribution system. Digester is made dorm
the building material available in local area. Gas holder and other components are
fabricated in work shop centrally and transported to the places where ever required.
Subsequently a cheaper and effective model was developed by AFPRO called "Deenabandhu"
which can be constructed with local materials like bricks, cement and sand and biogas
generated using dung.
NEDCAP has started implementing the Biogas programme from the year 1982-83. The
initial stages of implementation of the programme, 4 cum 6 cum capacity KVIC model
biogas plants were constructed. It was observed that KVIC model biogas plants are
comparatively expensive and need periodical maintenance. Since, 1990-91, the Corporation
is popularizing the Deenabandhu model as it was found to be less expensive and more
efficient. The programme gained momentum and the same model is continued. The Corporation
has installed 2.50 lakhs above biogas plants so far.
Based on cattle population and dung availability in Telangana, the number
of family-size biogas plants that can be installed are estimated at 10.90 lakhs.
The cattle is mostly available in rural areas and the cooking energy required for
farming community who possess cattle population should be met through generation
of Biogas. Production of Biogas not only hygienically meets the cooking energy requirements
of the farming community but also provides rich nitrogenous fertilizer.
The pre-requisites to construct the Biogas plants to the farmers/beneficiaries are
- Space to construct the Plant
- Water facility
- Cattle.
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